“Why pray if God is Sovereign? “
- September 30th, 2009
- By admin
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Someone asked me this question recently. They have a family member who made this statement and it is indeed a good question. If God is “sovereign” then why do you pray? First let’s take apart what is really being said with that statement. What we’re saying here is “if God is ‘sovereign’ or he is all-powerful and knows everything and is in control of everything and will make everything happen the way HE wants it then why do we pray for something ELSE to happen?”
Perhaps the question is statement too negatively. But really it is a simple matter of theology. Before I continue remember that whatever formulation we make of God is going to be crude. I don’t care how brilliant someone believes himself to be, our attempt to describe God is much like my dog’s attempt to describe me. It simply cannot be done. His simple way of communicating through barks, sniffs, scratching, pawing, and the like make him seem “smart” on some level. He has his routine and he definitely knows what he wants. But there is no way that he can articulate to any satisfaction for anyone how the human mind works. That is our situation with God. We are sufficiently intelligent for our own purposes here on earth. We can read and write and offer a reply to someone’s question. But in reality how can I comprehend the mind of God? Isaiah 40:13 says “Who has understood the mind of the LORD, or instructed him as his counselor?”
However, we do know some things about God from Scripture. We make this our starting point and our anchor. We also know some things about praying from Scripture. We must use these as our guide. During this discussion I must warn you about the two sides of this coin: God’s nature and Prayer to God are very different. Keep those two things separate for the moment then we’ll get at reconciling them shortly.
My first point will seem almost silly but it’s important. We need to pray. We are commanded to pray. Jesus gave us an example of prayer. In Matthew 6:1-15, Jesus gives us some directives about prayer so he definitely intended for us to pray. In several places (in particular Mark 6), Jesus himself prayed. In Mark 14:38, Jesus told the disciple to pray so that they would not fall into temptation. Really? But if God is “sovereign” how can a believer like a Peter, James, or John fall into temptation? They did and Peter failed. You may know the story (if not, keep reading in Mark). Peter failed and denied Jesus. Was that part of Jesus’ plan? I don’t know but it happened, didn’t it? Scriptures on prayer and its necessity fills the pages of scripture, but in particular 1 Thessalonians 5:17 simply says, “Pray continually.”
So God intends for us to pray. If He commands us to pray then there must be a purpose or reason for our prayer. What are those reasons?
- For salvation. Acts 4
- To combat temptation. We’ve already seen one. Acts 8:17-24 has an interesting example of this. But there are many others in scripture.
- For personal rescue or help. Many scriptures in Psalms. See Romans 15:31 for an example. Paul wants prayer cover as he is going into Judea against unbelievers.
- For open doors to the gospel. Col 4:3
- For healing. 1 John 5:16
- For enlightenment. Eph 1:18
- For the Spirit’s filling. Acts 4:31
There are many other things I could list here but you get the idea. I included these things because each of these involves some sort of change to the cosmos. When a person gets saved, when a door is opened to the gospel, or when a person resists temptation that signals a change in something somewhere.
James summarizes this prayer-thing pretty well James 5:13-20
Is any one of you in trouble? He should pray. Is anyone happy? Let him sing songs of praise. Is any one of you sick? He should call the elders of the church to pray over him and anoint him with oil in the name of the Lord. And the prayer offered in faith will make the sick person well; the Lord will raise him up. If he has sinned, he will be forgiven. Therefore confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous man is powerful and effective. Elijah was a man just like us. He prayed earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the land for three and a half years. Again he prayed, and the heavens gave rain, and the earth produced its crops. My brothers, if one of you should wander from the truth and someone should bring him back, remember this: Whoever turns a sinner from the error of his way will save him from death and cover over a multitude of sins.
Now let’s backup to the Old Testament. In one key situation, God is completely put out with the people of Israel. They are in rebellion against him and Moses doesn’t know what to do. God decides that he is going to destroy Israel and make Moses and his offspring into a great nation. In a very moving prayer, Moses tells God (and I do mean “tells”) that He cannot do it. Basically he says, “What would the nations around us think? They would think that you brought us out here to die. God, you will not be honored in that way!” Moses was direct, forceful and unequivocal in his prayer. If that’s not startling enough, what happens next is even more astounding. God relented and did not destroy Israel. In a sense, God changed his mind. You can read this in Exodus 32.
That’s right. The immutable God, the God who said to Balaam in Numbers 23:19-20, “God is not a man, that he should lie, nor a son of man, that he should change his mind” is the same God who changed his mind that day before Moses.
Slow down for a second and let this sink in. God’s nature does not change. His purposes, his “mind” does not change. But apparently God can change direction. His ultimate purposes will not change. In Moses’ case, he intended to bring a people of his own choosing into the Promised Land. He promised to bring a ruler out of the loins of Abraham through whom all the world would be blessed (Genesis 12) and through Moses God could still establish that. This may sound crass, but God did not need the entire nation of Israel to fulfill his purpose. He needed only one faithful family and he had that in Moses. However, Moses intervened on behalf of the people of Israel and God heard his prayer and “relented” – held back – and did not bring disaster upon the people.
Here is part of the point with this thing of God’s sovereignty. God’s sovereignty will not be abated because of our whining and whimpering at Him for what we want. In the final analysis, He will have his way in the cosmos. All that happens in this fallen world and in the chaos we call “life,” God will swallow up all that happens and construct reality as he wants it. He can do this because he is YAHWEH.
I don’t have time to detail this any further, and honestly I need to think more about this and further describe it. But Paul does a wonderful job in Romans talking about the “wisdom and knowledge of God” (duh – he’s Paul and it’s scripture). I think those are code words for Paul’s understanding of our word for “sovereignty” – “the wisdom and knowledge of God.” It is related to an old and fallen-out-of-use word: “providence.” We need God’s providence: his making all things new.
There are two sides to the coin I said: God’s nature and prayer. Don’t confuse the two. God is sovereign. He will have his due. But God has also told us to pray for what we desire (Matthew 7:7-11). We need wisdom to decide if what we’re praying for is in God’s will and not. But even if it’s not, God wants us to pray. He wants us to engage him and ask him for help. In doing that there is a change that occurs. Most often that change is in US – not him. Perhaps he’ll relent. Perhaps. But most of the time, I will.
Romans 8 helps me when I am confused about why I don’t get what I pray for. Verse 26 says we don’t know what or how to pray for ourselves but the Spirit makes intercession for us and groans with us and for us. He is our advocate with the father and argues for our case – much like Moses did. Besides, Paul says, if God gave us Jesus won’t he freely give us everything else? He’s given you Jesus. He is all-powerful and can deliver you. Trust him to give you everything that will be good for you.
Desire. Pray. Hope. Ask. Knock. Relent…
Desire. Pray. Hope. Ask. Knock. Relent…
Desire. Pray. Hope. Ask. Knock. Relent…
